Macrophthalmus (Decapoda, Brachyura) of The Seas of China

The Macrophthalmus species of the seas of China are dealt with and a key is presented to the 17 species (in 5 subgenera) known from Chinese waters. A new subspecies, Macrophthalmus (Mareotis) japonicus frequens, is described. M. (Venitus) latreillei (Desmarest) and M. (M.) crassipes H. Milne Edwards are discussed in more detail. Speculations on the evolutionary relationships are made, based on morphological characters and geographical distribution.